{"took":9,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":6,"successful":6,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":955,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":null,"hits":[{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"yK1gWZEB8akQsUwelb38","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"12-8-10552","InstProjNameF003a":"Michigan Quilt Project; The Henry Ford Collection; Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","InstNameF003":["Michigan State University Museum"],"InstInvContrNumF004a":"2018.37.1","essay":"The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million African-Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West that occurred between 1916 and 1970. Until 1910, more than 90 percent of the African-American population lived in the American South. Some historians differentiate between a first Great Migration (1916-1930), which saw about 1.6 million people move from mostly rural areas to northern industrial cities, and a Second Great Migration (1940-1970), which began after the Great Depression and brought at least 5 million people to the north and to California and other western states. African-Americans moved from the 14 states of the South, especially Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, and Georgia. Big cities were the principal destinations of southerners throughout the two phases of the Great Migration. Since the Civil Rights Movement, a less rapid reverse migration has occurred. Dubbed the New Great Migration, it has seen a gradual increase of African-American movement to the South, generally to states and cities where economic opportunities are the best. The reasons include economic difficulties of cities in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States, growth of jobs in the \"New South\" and its lower cost of living, family and kinship ties, and improved racial relations.","OwnerNameF010":"16 Patch, Double Four Patch","AddNotesF132":"Delia Bennett and Minder Coleman: Delia Pettway Bennett (1892-1976) and Minder Pettway Coleman (1903-1999)--known quilters with established reputations-were sisters, two of the five children of S. S. Pettway (born in October 1863) and his wife Pleasant Bryant (born in June 1870). They were born and raised on a farm in Gee's Bend, Wilcox County, Alabama.
Delia Pettway married Eddie Bennett (1886-1976) about 1909. The couple raised eleven children-seven girls and four boys-and farmed on Brown Quarter's in Gee's Bend. Delia Bennett was the matriarch of perhaps the largest family of quilt producers in Gee's Bend. Many of her daughters and granddaughters-including Ella Mae Irby (1923-2001), Creola Bennett Pettway (born 1927), Linda Diane Bennett (1955-1988), and Mary L. Bennett (b. 1942)-also were quiltmakers. The \"Housetop\" form, with its many variations, has always been this family's preferred pattern.
Minder Pettway married Willie Coleman (1897-1978) by 1920. The couple had eight children-two sons and six daughters-raised on a farm in Gee's Bend. Minder Coleman was one of the leading citizens of Gee's Bend. She was president of Gee's Bend Farms, an agricultural cooperative established in 1930 by the Farm Security Administration and was also a member of the project's weaving cooperative. It is said that Minder, Mattie Ross, and Patsy Mosely wove draperies for the Roosevelt White House as well as blue-and-white striped cloth that was made into a suit for President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In addition to her skills as a weaver, Minder was an accomplished quilter. She became vice president of the Gee's Bend quilting bee when it was established in 1966, remaining active in this group until 1978. Minder's daughter, Minnie Sue Coleman (1926-2012), carried on the family's quilting tradition.1 ---Written by Chris Jeryan
1http://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/artist/minder-coleman Beardsley, John, et al. The Quilts of Gee's Bend. Atlanta, GA: Tinwood Books, 2002 Arnett, Paul, Cubbs, Joanne, and Metcalf, Eugene W., Jr. Gee's Bend: The Architecture of the Quilt. Atlanta, GA: Tinwood Books, 2006.]","DateDataF006b":"2024-08-05","QuiltTopF054":"Coleman, Minder Pettway","QuiltedByF055":"Coleman, Minder Pettway","LocMadeF057a":"Gee's Bend","ProvCountyF057b":"Wilcox","ProvStateF057d":"Alabama (AL)","ProvCountryF057f":["United States"],"DateQuiltF023":"1950-1975","OtherExDateF023d":"1960-1965","PresUseF062":["Museum collection"],"CityF106a":"Gee's Bend","CountyF106":"Wilcox","StateF107":"Alabama (AL)","CountryF108":["United States"],"BirthplaceCityF098a":"Gee's Bend, Wilcox County","BirthplaceStateF098b":"Alabama","BirthplaceCountryF098d":"United States","EnviroF104c":["Rural"],"EthnicF101":"African American","FatherNameF109":"S. S. Pettway","MotherNameF111":"Pleasant Bryant","TypeObjF008":"Finished quilt","OverallWidthF12a":"69\"","OverallLengthF012b":"83\"","ShapeEdgeF013":"Straight","OverallColorF14b":["Multicolor"],"LayFormatF024":"Block pattern","NumBlockF026":"44 pieced, 44 plain","ArrangeBlockF028":"Straight","SpacingF029":["Alternating with plain squares"],"ConstrucF038":["Piecing"],"FeaturesF053":"The sixteen-square quilt block pattern of this quilt has a simple, traditional look--yet the alternating blocks, made from a fabric that combines a cabbage rose design with striking stripes, are placed in a way that also offers an energetic, improvisational feel. The wonderful fish/fishbone design of the fabric used on the backing gives it a modern feel as well. Recent books and exhibitions have focused on the \"modern art\" improvisational quilts made by women in Gee's Bend. These women also made quilts in traditional patterns. This quilt offers a glimpse of the family and kinship ties involved in the Great Migration, as millions of African-Americans sought better opportunities in the north during the decades after the Great Depression.","SourceOtherF006a":"Museum employee","OwnershipF082":"Public Museum, Library, or Institution","OwnerNameF082a":"The Henry Ford","OwnerCityF084":"Dearborn","OwnerCountyF085":"Wayne","OwnerStateF086":"Michigan (MI)","OwnerCountryF086b":["United States"],"AcquiredF058":"Gift","ProvenanceF058a":"This quilt was made in Wilcox County, Alabama, and given as a gift to Leola Howard Coleman of Boston, who had moved \"for better,\" leaving behind her economically disadvantaged rural environment of Gee's Bend, Wilcox County Alabama, for the opportunties that Mobile, and then, Boston, had to offer. Each year, the recipient, Leola Howard, and her husband drove to Alabama to visit family. It was during one such trip that Leola was given the quilt. According to the source, the quilt was likely made either by Leola's grandmother, Delia Bennett, or by her great aunt, Minder. Pettway Coleman (1903-1999). It was the custom with many families that during visits home the returning family member might give a monetary gift to cash-strapped relatives \"back home.\" In return, the relatives might offer a homemade gift--often preserves or a hand-sewn quilt.","ReposFile":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/12-8-10552/2018.37.1-r.jpg"],"zoom":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/12-8-10552/2018.37.1-z.jpg"],"Detail 1":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/12-8-10552/2018.37.1-b.jpg"],"Detail 1 Caption":"back","AccessF080":"Restricted","verify":"yes","verifiedby":"Beth Donaldson","dateverified":"2024-08-13","dateverified_era":"CE","file medium":"image","file format":"jpeg","Contributing Institutions":"MATRIX: Center for Digital Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of History","Publisher":"Quilt Index","Resource Type":"Still Image","ImageConF075a":"Quilt","ImageTypeF076":"Color","photocredit079a1":"Photos courtesy of The Henry Ford.","HolderF080a":"The Henry Ford, all rights reserved.","Pattern":"16 PATCH DOUBLE FOUR PATCH","Maker":"[\"BENNETT, DELIA PETTWAY OR\", \"COLEMAN, MINDER PETTWAY\"]","Date":"1950-1975","project_id":"12","form_id":"8","owner":"7","created_at":"2024-08-13 20:26:15","updated_at":"2024-08-14 04:03:44"},"sort":["16 PATCH DOUBLE FOUR PATCH"]},{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"La1gWZEB8akQsUwefpsr","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"12-8-1674","InstProjNameF003a":"Michigan Quilt Project; Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","InstNameF003":["Michigan State University Museum"],"InstInvContrNumF004":"02.0242","OwnerNameF010":"25 Patch","AltNameF011":"Chinese Kites","QuiltTopF054":"Godward, Margaret Ann","QuiltedByF055":"Godward, Margaret Ann","IfQownerF007b":["Made the quilt"],"LocMadeF057a":"Belo Horizonte/Lansing","ProvCountyF057b":"/Ingham","ProvStateF057d":"Michigan (MI)","DateQuiltF023":"1976-1999","DateBegunF023a":"1987","DateFinishF023b":"1995","GenderF098":["Female"],"CityF106a":"Detroit","CountyF106":"Wayne","StateF107":"Michigan (MI)","BirthDateF099":"1904-1915 ?","DeathF100":"1958","EthnicF101":"African American","EdBkgdF102":"High School","RelAffF103":"Protestant (Baptist)","OccupationF104":"Dressmaker, quilter, hawker","NoChildF116":"1","NoFemF116a":"1","NumQuiltsF123":"more than 50","NameGroupF120":"Northend Social Arts Club","TypeObjF008":"Finished quilt","OverallWidthF12a":"79\"","OverallLengthF012b":"90 1/2\"","ShapeEdgeF013":"Straight","OverallColorF14b":["Multicolor"],"OverCondF015":"Excellent/like new","LayFormatF024":"Block pattern","NumBlockF026":"72","SizeBlockF027":"10\"","ArrangeBlockF028":"Straight","ConstrucF038":["Machine Piecing"],"FabFiberTypesF040":["Cotton"],"NumPiecesF042":"2","ConstrucBindF046":["Straight grain"],"WidthBindF047":"less than a half inch","MatUsedF048":"Polyester","QuiltTechF049":["Machine quilting"],"DesignF052a":["Grid/crosshatch"],"SourceMatF063":["Sewing scraps"],"OthSourceF063a":"The dollar market fell in Brazil. I was poor. I walked door to door of seamstresses begging for scraps.","TopSourceF064":["Original to maker"],"OwnershipF082":"Private","OwnerNameF082a":"Margaret Ann Godward","OwnerCityF084":"Lansing","OwnerCountyF085":"Ingham","OwnerStateF086":"Michigan (MI)","AcquiredF058":"Made by owner","ProvenanceF058a":"Brazil","ReposFile":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/12-8-1674/MichiganMSUMuseum-a0c1z4-a_8092.jpg"],"AccessF080":"Restricted","CopyRestF080c":"Michigan State University Museum","verify":"yes","verifiedby":"Donaldson, Beth","dateverified":"2008-07-10","dateverified_era":"CE","IfQmakerF007a":["Made entire quilt"],"PartDesF007c":["Designed the pattern"],"AddNotesF066":"The dollar market fell in Brazil. I was poor. I walked door to door of seamstresses begging for scraps. Then I made this quilt. I brought it back and quilted it here in Lansing. There was no batting available in Brazil.","function":"Image - medium display (250-550 pixels)","file medium":"image","file format":"jpeg","Contributing Institutions":"MATRIX: Center for Humane Arts, Letters and Social Sciences Online at Michigan State University, Michigan State University Museum, Alliance For American Quilts","Publisher":"Quilt Index","Resource Type":"StillImage","InvenNumF075":"02.0242","ImageConF075a":"Quilt","ImageTypeF076":"Color","SourceF077":"Slide","HolderF080a":"Michigan State University Museum","CreditLineF080b":"Courtesy of Michigan State University Museum","DistribRestF080d":"Michigan State University Museum","DisplayResF080e":"Michigan State University Museum","LicenseF080f":"Michigan State University Museum","Pattern":"25 PATCH","Maker":"[\"GODWARD, MARGARET ANN\"]","Date":"1976-1999","legacy_kid":"1E-3D-1620","project_id":"12","form_id":"8","owner":"0","created_at":"2020-04-25 17:46:10","updated_at":"2024-02-23 19:04:43"},"sort":["25 PATCH"]},{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"Pq1hWZEB8akQsUweCsLh","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"15-11-824","InstNameF003":["Wisconsin Quilt History Project"],"InstProjNameF003a":"Wisconsin Quilt History Project; The Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","InstInvContrNumF004":"A563","IdentPersonF006":["Daughter of quiltmaker","Quilt owner"],"DateDataF006b":"08-07-2010","RelnQuiltF007":["Quilt owner"],"IfQownerF007b":["Inherited","Received as a gift"],"locationF007f":"Milwaukee Art Museum","TypeObjF008":"Finished quilt","OwnerNameF010":"4 X Star","BrackmanF011a":"1802a","OverallWidthF12a":"79.25 in.","OverallLengthF012b":"90 in.","ShapeEdgeF013":"Straight","ShapeCornersF013b":"Straight","PredomColorsF014":["Blue or Navy","Green","Pink","Red","White"],"OverallColorF14b":["Multicolor"],"OverCondF015":"Good/moderate use","DamageF016":["Stains","Tears or holes"],"DateQuiltF023":"1950-1975","LayFormatF024":"Block pattern","NumBlockF026":"42","SizeBlockF027":"12 in. x 12 in.","ArrangeBlockF028":"Straight","SpacingF029":["Side by side"],"NumBlockPatF030":"1","NumBordersF033":"2","BordDescF034":"Inner print border, outer white border. Measure 1 in. to 1.75 in. wide.","FiberTypesF035":["Cotton","Cotton or polyester blend"],"FabricTypeF036":["Broadcloth","Feedsack"],"FabPrintF037":["Checked","Dotted","Feedsack","Floral","Multiple scrap","Solid/plain","Striped"],"ConstrucF038":["Machine Piecing"],"EmbellTechF038f":"No","PaperF038i":"no","FabFiberTypesF040":["Cotton or polyester blend"],"ColorBackingF040b":["Beige or Tan"],"NumPiecesF042":"whole cloth with 3 in. strip added on edge","DescBackF043":["Machine sewn","Same fabric used throughout","Solid/plain"],"ConstrucBindF046":["Back turned to front"],"WidthBindF047":"greater than one inch","MatUsedF048":"Cotton or polyester blend","QuiltTechF049":["Hand quilting"],"ThrColorF049b":"white","NumStitchedF050":"5","NumStitchF051":"6","WidthF051a":"1.5 in.","KnotsF051b":"yes","DesignF052d":"Log cabin-like quilting pattern.","QuiltTopF054":"Gant, Mildred Thrower","QuiltedByF055":"Gant, Mildred Thrower","ProvCountryF057f":["United States"],"AcquiredF058":"Inheritance","ProvenanceF058a":"Mildred said she wanted Lillie to have the quilts when she died.","ReasonsF060":["Art or personal expression","Personal enjoyment"],"QDesignF060b":["Bedding, daily use"],"SourceMatF063":["Old clothes","Purchased new","Sewing scraps"],"TopSourceF064":["Public domain/traditional pattern"],"PattSourceF065":["Public domain"],"OwnershipF082":"Private","SourceInfoF088b":"Taylor, Lillie","DateObtainedF088c":"08-07-2010","MaidenF097b":"Thrower","GenderF098":["Female"],"BirthDateF099":"11-29-1917","BirthplaceCityF098a":"Monroe Parish","BirthplaceStateF098b":"Louisiana","BirthplaceCountryF098d":"United States","DeathF100":"c.2006","EthnicF101":"African American","EdBkgdF102":"middle school","RelAffF103":"Baptist","OccupationF104":"ran a day care center","EnviroF104c":["Urban"],"SpouseF113":"Gray, Robert","EthBkgrndF114":"African American","NoChildF116":"2","NoFemF116a":"2","LearnedToQuiltF117":["From Friend"],"WhenQuiltF118":["Age 11-19"],"WhyQuiltF119":["Gifts","Necessity","Pleasure"],"NumQuiltsF123":"more than 50","SellQuiltF127":"yes","PriceF128":"A couple of quilts were sold.","TeachF129":"only informally","AddNotesF132":"She was constantly quilting. At age 79, Mildred had an accident in which she lost an eye. She never quilted after the accident. Mildred had a brain tumor (benign) which caused headaches but she continued to quilt. She taught women in church to quilt.","DateF079":"2010-08-07","DateF079_era":"CE","AccessF080":"Restricted","HolderF080a":"Wisconsin Museum of Quilts & Fiber Arts","ReposFile":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/15-11-824/A563aq.jpg"],"zoom":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/15-11-824/A563az.jpg"],"Detail 1":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/15-11-824/A563bq.jpg"],"Detail 2":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/15-11-824/A563cq.jpg"],"verify":"yes","verifiedby":"Sylvia Adair","dateverified":"2015-04-13","dateverified_era":"CE","Pattern":"4 X STAR","Maker":"[\"GANT, MILDRED THROWER\"]","Date":"1950-1975","function":"Image -- master","file medium":"image","file format":"jpeg","InvenNumF075":"A563a","ImageConF075a":"quilt","ImageTypeF076":"Color","SourceF077":"Digital","CopyRestF080c":"Wisconsin Museum of Quilts & Fiber Arts","DistribRestF080d":"Wisconsin Museum of Quilts & Fiber Arts","DisplayResF080e":"Wisconsin Museum of Quilts & Fiber Arts","LicenseF080f":"Wisconsin Museum of Quilts & Fiber Arts","legacy_kid":"42-75-45A","project_id":"15","form_id":"11","owner":"1","created_at":"2020-04-25 19:21:25","updated_at":"2024-02-23 19:06:29"},"sort":["4 X STAR"]},{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"Ra5nWZEB8akQsUwef7Rj","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"50-145-58","InstNameF003":["Women of Color Quilters Network"],"InstProjNameF003a":"Women of Color Quilters Network; Conscience of the Human Spirit: The Life of Nelson Mandela; Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","InstInvContrNumF004":"CHSLM293","description":"Marla A. Jackson with Kearston Mahoney, Sommer Ferguson, Tori Mitchell, Sylvan Mitchell, Teagan Harmon, Desiree Powell, Nia Rutledge, Bella Myers, and Breanna Bell \r\n46664 \r\nLawrence, Kansas, USA | Cotton fabrics, bias tape, acrylic paint; trapunto, quilted, painted \r\n \r\nThis quilt was made as a project in the Beyond the Book program I founded. The program is designed to help students literally go beyond the book and develop a better understanding of history through art and quilt making. For the background of this quilt, students ice dyed cotton fabrics the colors of the South African flag. Mandela's face includes the colors red, black, green and yellow to represent the people of South Africa. The students chose to include a famous quote by Mandela "The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall". \r\n \r\nNelson Mandela was in prison for 27 years at Robben Island, Victor Verster, and Pollsmoor prisons; while at Robben Island he worked breaking rocks. To represent this there are prison bars on the top of the quilt over rocks and includes Mandela's prison number 46664. The first three digits meant that he was the 466th prisoner, and the last two digits indicated the year, 1964, he went to prison. His cell number continues to remind people of his quest for freedom.","essay":"This quilt was a collaboration between nine high school students in the beyond the book program with Marla A. Jackson as the director. The Beyond the Book program is designed to help students literally go beyond the book and develop better understanding of history through art and quilt making. \r\n \r\nThe students involved are Kearston Mahoney 16, Sommer Ferguson 17, Tori Mitchell 16, Sylvan Mitchell 15, Teagan Harmon 9, Desiree Powell 15, Nia Rutledge 16, Bella Myers 15, and Breanna Bell 16. The students ice dyed cotton fabrics the colors of the South African flag and used that as the background. They also used bias tape and the traputo quilting technique. The group included an acrylic painting of Mandela's face which was painted on cotton fabric. Mandela's face includes the colors red, black, green and yellow to represent the people of South Africa. \r\n \r\nThey also chose to include a famous quote by Mandela "The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall". Nelson Mandela was in prison for 27 years at Robben Island, Victor Verster prison, and Pollsmoor prison. To represent this there are prison bars on the top of the quilt over rocks because he worked on the prison breaking rocks. There is also a blue background behind the bars to represent the sky. The quilt also has Mandela's prison number, 46664. The first three digits, 466, mean that he was the 466th prisoner, and the last two digits, 64, represent the year he went to prison 1964. While Mandela was in prison his cell number represented his vision of freedom for the people of South Africa.","TypeObjF008":"Finished quilt","QuiltTitleF009":"46664","SubjQuiltF025":"Nelson Mandela","OverallWidthF12a":"29.25\"","OverallLengthF012b":"29.5\"","ShapeEdgeF013":"Straight","PredomColorsF014":["Black","Blue","Green","Red","Yellow","White"],"LayFormatF024":"Nontraditional or art","FiberTypesF035":["Cotton"],"UniqueF037b":"Ice dyed fabric, acrylic paint.","ConstrucF038g":["Embroidery"],"QuiltTechF049":["Stuffed work"],"ConstrucBindF046":["Separate binding applied"],"ContInscripF020":"Hand written on back of quilt (no label)\r\nMarla Jackson\r\n\r\nPainted on front:\r\n46664\r\nNelson\r\nMandela\r\n\r\n\"The greatest glory in living lies\r\nnot in never falling, but in\r\nrising every time we fall.\"\r\n\r\nMachine appliqued on front:\r\n27","OverCondF015":"Excellent/like new","FeaturesF053":"Description of Method and Materials:\r\nIce dying\r\nSouth African flag background\r\nCotton fabric\r\nMandela's face made out of cotton fabric painted with acrylic paint and water\r\nMandela's famous quote\r\nTraputo quilting techinique\r\nRocks\r\nPrison 27 years\r\nSignificant of his numbers\r\n466th prisoner\r\n64 year he went to prison\r\nVictor Vester prison\r\nPollsmoor Prison\r\nFirst 18 years Robben Island\r\n\r\nColors in face represent people of South Africa\r\n\r\nHis prison cell represented vision of freedom (for his people)\r\nBias tape","DateFinishF023b":"January 4, 2014","DateQuiltF023":"2000-2025","PresUseF062":["Artwork/wall hanging"],"LocMadeF057a":"Lawrence","ProvStateF057d":"Kansas (KS)","ProvCountryF057f":["United States"],"ExhibitListF067a":"Consceince of the Human Spirit: The Life of Nelson Mandela; International Quilt Conference Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa, July 2014; The Kentucky Museum, Bowling Green, KY, September 8, 2015-January 31, 2015; National Afro American Museum and Cultural Center, Wilberforce, OH, April 7-October 7, 2016; LookOut! Gallery, Snyder Phillips Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, May 7-September 15, 2017.","RelItemsF088a":"MacDowell, Marsha; Mazloomi, Carolyn. Conscience of the Human Spirit: The Life of Nelson Mandela. Michigan State University Museum, East Lansing, 2014; page 64.","QuiltTopF054":"Jackson, Marla","QuiltedByF055":"Jackson, Marla","OthPeopleF056":"Rutledge, Nia; age 16","MakerGroupNameF097":"Beyond the Book Program","CityF106a":"Lawrence","StateF107":"Kansas (KS)","CountryF108":["United States"],"GenderF098":["Female"],"EthnicF101":"African American","OwnerNameF082a":"Marla Jackson","IdentPersonF006":["Quiltmaker"],"OwnershipF082":"Private","OwnerCityF084":"Lawrence","OwnerStateF086":"Kansas (KS)","OwnerCountryF086b":["United States"],"AccessF080":"Restricted","HolderF080a":"The copyright belongs to the owner/artist.","DateDataF006b":"2014","photocredit079a1":"Pearl Yee Wong","ReposFile":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/50-145-58/CHSLM293.jpg"],"zoom":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/50-145-58/CHSLM293-zoom.jpg"],"verify":"yes","verifiedby":"Beth Donaldson","dateverified":"2018-04-10","dateverified_era":"CE","Pattern":"46664","Maker":"[\"JACKSON, MARLA\"]","Date":"2000-2025","Object Associator":"50-147-1","Contributing Institutions":"MATRIX: Center for Humane Arts, Letters and Social Sciences Online at Michigan State University and Michigan State University Museum","Publisher":"Quilt Index","Resource Type":"Still Image","function":"Image - large display (550 or more pixels)","file medium":"image","file format":"jpeg","legacy_kid":"74-19F-44","project_id":"50","form_id":"145","owner":"1","created_at":"2020-04-26 06:44:50","updated_at":"2024-02-23 19:16:45"},"sort":["46664"]},{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"l65nWZEB8akQsUwe7sM0","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"53-155-2675","InstProjNameF003a":"South Carolina Quilt History Project; The Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","InstInvContrNumF004":"VA-5","InstNameF003":["McKissick Museum, University of South Carolina"],"OwnershipF082":"Private","OwnerNameF082a":"Emily De Costa","OwnerCityF084":"Charleston","OwnerStateF086":"South Carolina (SC)","OwnerCountryF086b":["United States"],"SourceOtherF006a":"Great-grandmother","interviewerF007e":"Doris Hartnett","DateDataF006b":"1984","LocMadeF057a":"Leon","ProvCountyF057b":"Madison","ProvStateF057d":"Virginia (VA)","ProvCountryF057f":["United States"],"DateQuiltF023":"1876-1900","OtherExDateF023d":"c1875-1880","QuiltTopF054":"Kawls, Louisa","AcquiredF058":"Gift","RelItemsF088a":"The owner has quilt(s) made by a different maker.","OwnerNameF010":"8 point star","QuiltedByF055":"Kawls, Louisa","OtherSourceMat":"There are pictures of the quiltmaker.","FatherNameF109":"Jackson, Easter","BplaceF109a":"Virginia","RelAffF103":"Baptist","BirthDateF099":"1850","SpouseF113":"Andrew","OccupationF115":"Farmer","EthnicF101":"African American","OccupationF104":"Served as caterer for families who came to VA for the house.","DeathF100":"1934","NoChildF116":"3","TypeObjF008":"Finished quilt","OverallWidthF12a":"80\"","OverallLengthF012b":"81\"","ConstrucF038":["Hand Piecing"],"LayFormatF024":"Block pattern","AltNameF011":"Broken Star","SourceMatF063":["Sewing scraps"],"FiberTypesF035":["Cotton"],"FabPrintF037":["Multiple scrap","Print","Solid/plain"],"PredomColorsF014":["Brown","Pink"],"ArrangeBlockF028":"On point or rotated on 45 degrees","SpacingF029":["Separated by plain sashing","Separated by sashing cornerstones or connecting blocks"],"NumBlockF026":"25","OtherFabF040a":"Domestic","ConstrucBindF046":["Separate binding applied"],"UniqueBindF045a":"Green","MatUsedF048":"Cotton","UniqueF038h":"The needlework techniques are good.","DesignF052d":"Crossing lines","OverCondF015":"Very good/almost new","ReposFile":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/53-155-2675/VA-5.1.jpg"],"Detail 1":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/53-155-2675/VA-5.2.jpg"],"verify":"yes","verifiedby":"Beth Donaldson","dateverified":"2020-09-17","dateverified_era":"CE","AccessF080":"Restricted","HolderF080a":"All rights reserved, McKissick Museum, University of South Carolina","file medium":"image","file format":"jpeg","Contributing Institutions":"MATRIX: Center for Digital Humanities and Social Sciences, Michigan State University; McKissick Museum, University of South Carolina","Publisher":"Quilt Index","Resource Type":"Still Image","ImageConF075a":"Quilt","Pattern":"8 POINT STAR","Maker":"[\"KAWLS, LOUISA\"]","Date":"1876-1900","project_id":"53","form_id":"155","owner":"7","created_at":"2020-09-17 18:14:08","updated_at":"2024-02-23 19:17:09"},"sort":["8 POINT STAR"]},{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"Da1cWZEB8akQsUwetXEV","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"9-6-1140","InstProjNameF003a":"Louisiana Quilt Documentation Project; The Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","InstNameF003":["Louisiana Regional Folklife Program, Louisiana Tech University"],"DateDataF006b":"6/17/1988","InstInvContrNumF004":"1544","QuiltTitleF009":"9 Patch","OwnerCityF084":"Homer","OwnerStateF086":"Louisiana (LA)","AcquiredF058":"Made by owner","QuiltTopF054":"Minor, Athelene","BirthDateF099":"5/5/1921","BirthplaceCityF098a":"Homer","BirthplaceStateF098b":"Louisiana","EthnicF101":"African American","AddNotesF132":"Learned to quilt from: Given pieces by daughter in law and they worked together.","OtherF119a":"Mother","TypeObjF008":"Finished quilt","OverallWidthF12a":"82","OverallLengthF012b":"90","SizeBlockF027":"3 X 3","UniqueF038h":"Pieced","ConstrucBindF046":["Back turned to front"],"FiberTypesF035":["Cotton","Other"],"UniqueF037b":"Twill","PredomColorsF014":["White"],"OverallColorF14b":["Multicolor"],"FabFiberTypesF040":["Cotton"],"NumStitchedF050":"3","DesignF052d":"Other, In Ditch","ReposFile":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/9-6-1140/LouisianaLARegionalFolklife-a0a5c2-a_21104.jpg"],"verify":"yes","RelItemsF088a":"When married, had lots of quilts. White and blue are favorites.","FamDateF023c":"1986","OtherDateF023e":"Date estimated by Susan Roach","ProvCountryF057f":["United States"],"InvenNumF075":"4469","SourceF077":"Digital","HolderF080a":"Louisiana Regional Folklife Program","CreditLineF080b":"Louisiana Regional Folklife Program","CopyRestF080c":"Dr. Susan Roach\r\n\r\nLouisiana Regional Folklife Program\r\n\r\nEnglish Dept, P. O. Box 3162, T.S.\r\n\r\nLouisiana Tech University\r\n\r\nRuston, LA 71272\r\n\r\nPhone: 318/257-2728","Contributing Institutions":"MATRIX: Center for Humane Arts, Letters and Social Sciences Online at Michigan State University, Michigan State University Museum, Alliance For American Quilts","Publisher":"Quilt Index","Resource Type":"StillImage","pbd":"LouisianaLARegionalFolklife-a0a5c2-a","Pattern":"9 PATCH","Maker":"[\"MINOR, ATHELENE\"]","Date":"1986","legacy_kid":"1B-3A-52B","project_id":"9","form_id":"6","owner":"0","created_at":"2020-04-25 17:21:28","updated_at":"2024-02-23 19:03:00"},"sort":["9 PATCH"]},{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"8a1gWZEB8akQsUweeZQy","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"12-8-78","InstProjNameF003a":"Michigan Quilt Project; Michigan State University Museum Collection; Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","InstNameF003":["Michigan State University Museum"],"InstInvContrNumF004":"91.0030","InstInvContrNumF004a":"7227.3","description":"Mexican Star top \r\nMary Atkins \r\nc1980 \r\nKalamazoo, Kalamazoo County, Michigan \r\nCollection of Michigan State University Museum acc.#7227.3","essay":"Mary Atkins grew up in rural Arkansas and was about eight years old when she learned to quilt from her mother who made quilts for family use. According to Atkins, her mother taught her and her sisters to quilt in order to keep them out of mischief after they finished school or after doing their chores on the family farm. "There was no playing after work, but I'd sit down on a stool and begin piecing." \r\n \r\nBy Marsha MacDowell from, African American Quiltmaking in Michigan.","OwnerNameF010":"9 Patch","AltNameF011":"Mexican Star","QuiltTopF054":"Atkins, Mary","IfQownerF007b":["Purchased the quilt"],"ProvCountryF057f":["United States"],"DateQuiltF023":"1976-1999","PresUseF062":["Museum collection"],"GenderF098":["Female"],"CityF106a":"Kalamazoo","CountyF106":"Kalamazoo","StateF107":"Michigan (MI)","EnviroF104c":["Rural"],"EthnicF101":"African American","EdBkgdF102":"probably elementary school","EthBkgrndF110":"African-American","EthBkgrndF112":"African-American","EthBkgrndF114":"African-American","OccupationF115":"First spouse was a cotton farmer in AR, Atkins occupation unknown","NoChildF116":"3","NoFemF116a":"2","NoMaleF116b":"1","LearnedToQuiltF117":["From Relative"],"WhenQuiltF118":["Under 10 years of age"],"WhyQuiltF119":["Gifts"],"OtherF119a":"She gave quilts for birthdays and sometimes for no special occassion.","NumQuiltsF123":"more than 50","SellQuiltF127":"yes","PriceF128":"$20, $50","TypeObjF008":"Quilt top with unfinished edge","OverallWidthF12a":"71\"","OverallLengthF012b":"85\"","OverCondF015":"Very good/almost new","DamageF016":["Discoloration or dyes ran"],"LayFormatF024":"Block pattern","NumBlockF026":"20","SashWidthF032":"12\"","BordDescF034":"2\",1 1/2\"","ConstrucF038":["Hand Piecing"],"WidthBindF047":"greater than one inch","BindWidthF047a":"3 1/2\", 2 1/2\"","SourceOtherF006a":"Museum employee","OwnershipF082":"Public- Michigan State University Museum","OwnerNameF082a":"Michigan State University Museum","OwnerCityF084":"East Lansing","OwnerCountyF085":"Ingham","OwnerStateF086":"Michigan (MI)","AcquiredF058":"Purchase","ProvenanceF058a":"June 1991, Mary Atkins","ReposFile":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/12-8-78/MichiganMSUMuseum-a0b6f6-a_8092.jpg"],"AccessF080":"Restricted","CopyRestF080c":"Michigan State University Museum","verify":"yes","verifiedby":"Donaldson, Beth","dateverified":"2007-11-29","dateverified_era":"CE","IfQmakerF007a":["Made entire quilt top"],"FavesF130":"She quilted in her lap.","function":"Image - medium display (250-550 pixels)","file medium":"image","file format":"jpeg","Contributing Institutions":"MATRIX: Center for Humane Arts, Letters and Social Sciences Online at Michigan State University, Michigan State University Museum, Alliance For American Quilts","Publisher":"Quilt Index","Resource Type":"StillImage","InvenNumF075":"7227.3","ImageConF075a":"Quilt","ImageTypeF076":"Color","SourceF077":"Slide","photocredit079a1":"KEVA","HolderF080a":"Michigan State University Museum","CreditLineF080b":"Courtesy of Michigan State University Museum","DistribRestF080d":"Michigan State University Museum","DisplayResF080e":"Michigan State University Museum","LicenseF080f":"Michigan State University Museum","Maker Associator":"12-51-43","Pattern":"9 PATCH","Maker":"[\"ATKINS, MARY\"]","Date":"1976-1999","legacy_kid":"1E-3D-1046","project_id":"12","form_id":"8","owner":"1","created_at":"2020-04-25 17:31:23","updated_at":"2024-02-23 19:04:36"},"sort":["9 PATCH"]},{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"Ma5mWZEB8akQsUweMXoN","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"39-40-2856","InstNameF003":["Indiana State Museum"],"InstProjNameF003a":"Indiana Quilt Registry Project; The Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","InstInvContrNumF004":"AN107","IdentPersonF006":["Quiltmaker"],"DateDataF006b":"5/23/1987","PartDesF007c":["Designed the pattern"],"locationF007f":"Anderson","OwnerNameF010":"9 pointed star","OverallWidthF12a":"86\"","OverallLengthF012b":"99\"","ShapeEdgeF013":"Straight","ShapeCornersF013b":"Straight","PredomColorsF014":["White"],"OverallColorF14b":["Multicolor"],"OverCondF015":"Good/moderate use","DateQuiltF023":"1976-1999","FamDateF023c":"1984","DateInfoF023f":"1984. Maker was 68 years old when the quilt was made.","LayFormatF024":"One patch or allover","MedallionF031":"79\" x 79\"","FabricTypeF036":["Glazed","Muslin"],"FabPrintF037":["Multiple scrap","Solid/plain"],"UniqueF037b":"Cotton/synthetic blend","ConstrucF038":["Machine Piecing"],"UniqueF038h":"Single motif/single template","FabFiberTypesF040":["Cotton"],"NumPiecesF042":"1","DescBackF043":["Same fabric used throughout"],"WidthBindF047":"half inch - one inch","BindWidthF047a":"3/4\"","BattLoftF048a":"Medium","UniqueBattF048b":"Synthetic batting","QuiltTechF049":["Hand quilting"],"ThrTypeF049a":"other","NumStitchedF050":"6","DesignF052a":["Echo"],"DesignF052d":"Uneven quilting stitches.","FeaturesF053":"Most unusual choice of fabrics, very first quilting.","QuiltTopF054":"Stewart, Alice R. Owens","QuiltedByF055":"Stewart, Alice R. Owens","LocMadeF057a":"Anderson","ProvCountyF057b":"Madison","ProvStateF057d":"Indiana (IN)","ProvCountryF057f":["United States"],"SourceMatF063":["Sewing scraps"],"OthSourceF063a":"left overs","TopSourceF064":["Original to maker"],"OwnershipF082":"Private","OwnerCityF084":"Anderson","OwnerCountyF085":"Madison","OwnerStateF086":"Indiana (IN)","GenderF098":["Female"],"BirthDateF099":"12/23/1916","BirthplaceCityF098a":"Ellisville","BirthplaceCountryF098d":"United States","MarriageF099b":"6/5/1971 in Chicago, IL","EthnicF101":"Irish, Afro-American; African American","WhyQuiltF119":["Therapy"],"AccessF080":"Restricted","HolderF080a":"Indiana State Museum","ReposFile":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/39-40-2856/AN-107.jpg"],"dateverified":"2015-10-20","dateverified_era":"CE","verify":"yes","verifiedby":"Beth Donaldson","Pattern":"9 POINTED STAR","Maker":"[\"STEWART, ALICE R. OWENS\"]","Date":"1976-1999","Contributing Institutions":"MATRIX: Center for digital humanities and social sciences and the Michigan State University Museum","Publisher":"Quilt Index","Resource Type":"Still Image","file medium":"image","file format":"jpeg","InvenNumF075":"AN-107.jpg","ImageConF075a":"Quilt","ImageTypeF076":"Color","legacy_kid":"68-104-46","project_id":"39","form_id":"40","owner":"1","created_at":"2020-04-26 04:20:16","updated_at":"2024-02-23 19:14:04"},"sort":["9 POINTED STAR"]},{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"wK1gWZEB8akQsUweeZQx","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"12-8-29","InstProjNameF003a":"Michigan Quilt Project; Michigan State University Museum Collection; Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","InstNameF003":["Michigan State University Museum"],"InstInvContrNumF004":"89.0089","InstInvContrNumF004a":"6273.1","description":"Nine Patch Strippy \r\nMary Johnson \r\nPlain Dealing, Arkansas \r\nc1940 \r\nCollection of Michigan State University Museum acc.#6273.1","OwnerNameF010":"9-Patch Strippy","DateDataF006b":"7/7/1994","QuiltTopF054":"Johnson, Mrs. Mary","QuiltedByF055":"Johnson, Mrs. Mary","IfQownerF007b":["Received as a gift"],"ProvCountryF057f":["United States"],"DateQuiltF023":"1950-1975","DateFinishF023b":"c1940","PresUseF062":["Museum collection"],"GenderF098":["Female"],"CityF106a":"Plain Dealing","StateF107":"Arkansas (AR)","EthnicF101":"African American","TypeObjF008":"Finished quilt","OverallWidthF12a":"60\"","OverallLengthF012b":"83\"","ShapeEdgeF013":"Straight","PredomColorsF014":["Pink"],"OverallColorF14b":["Multicolor"],"OverCondF015":"Good/moderate use","OtherDamageF016a":"Frayed","NumBlockF026":"136","ArrangeBlockF028":"Straight","SpacingF029":["Separated by plain sashing"],"SashWidthF032":"it varies","NumBordersF033":"2","BordDescF034":"1 1/8\"and 3 3/4\"","ConstrucF038":["Hand Piecing"],"FabFiberTypesF040":["Silk"],"MatUsedF048":"Cannot tell","QuiltTechF049":["Hand quilting"],"NumStitchedF050":"3","NumStitchF051":"4","DesignF052c":["Parallel lines"],"OwnershipF082":"Public- Michigan State University Museum","OwnerNameF082a":"Michigan State University Museum","OwnerCityF084":"East Lansing","OwnerCountyF085":"Ingham","OwnerStateF086":"Michigan (MI)","DateObtainedF088c":"7/7/1994","AcquiredF058":"Gift","ProvenanceF058a":"5/20/1986, Evelyn Hobson, donor","ReposFile":["https://kora.quiltindex.org/files/12-8-29/MichiganMSUMuseum-a0b6b0-a_8092.jpg"],"AccessF080":"Restricted","CopyRestF080c":"Michigan State University Museum","verify":"yes","verifiedby":"Donaldson, Beth","dateverified":"2007-11-16","dateverified_era":"CE","IfQmakerF007a":["Made entire quilt"],"function":"Image - medium display (250-550 pixels)","file medium":"image","file format":"jpeg","Contributing Institutions":"MATRIX: Center for Humane Arts, Letters and Social Sciences Online at Michigan State University, Michigan State University Museum, Alliance For American Quilts","Publisher":"Quilt Index","Resource Type":"StillImage","InvenNumF075":"6273.1","ImageConF075a":"Quilt","ImageTypeF076":"Color","SourceF077":"Slide","photocredit079a1":"Pearl Yee Wong","HolderF080a":"Michigan State University Museum","CreditLineF080b":"Courtesy of Michigan State University Museum","DistribRestF080d":"Michigan State University Museum","DisplayResF080e":"Michigan State University Museum","LicenseF080f":"Michigan State University Museum","Pattern":"9-PATCH STRIPPY","Maker":"[\"JOHNSON, MRS. MARY\"]","Date":"1950-1975","legacy_kid":"1E-3D-1018","project_id":"12","form_id":"8","owner":"1","created_at":"2020-04-25 17:31:04","updated_at":"2024-02-23 19:04:36"},"sort":["9-PATCH STRIPPY"]},{"_index":"main_quilt_index_quilt_1_25_","_type":"_doc","_id":"bK5nWZEB8akQsUwef7Rj","_score":null,"_source":{"kid":"50-145-97","InstNameF003":["Women of Color Quilters Network"],"InstProjNameF003a":"Women of Color Quilters Network; Black Diaspora Quilt History Project","essay":"My piece recognizes Leah Tutu beyond the traditional role of supporting the male activist by raising children, keeping the home fire burning, and being a good wife and mother. I commend her revolutionary work as a founding member of South African Domestic Workers Union in the battle for better working conditions, wages and educational opportunities for South Africa's domestic workers. Her work has few photos, fewer articles and little mainstream understanding of its importance in the struggle for international human rights. In fact, when I first researched women of colour human rights activists around the world, non-governmental organisation 'experts' told me there were none - that 'traditional' women did not become human rights leaders.
I want to send this thank you quilt card to Leah Tutu. My sister, please know someone noticed that you kept gardening as the tanks rolled by your house. Someone noticed that you encouraged other women to keep going, at a great personal sacrifice. Your terrible struggle keeps many other struggles alive. Thank you. Here is a 'Belated Thank You for Leah Tutu.
Austin is a fibre artist who uses family photos and hand-dyed and hand-painted fabric to capture African-American work and life. She has completed community art projects in the U.S., the Bahamas, China, and Kenya.
